Rheumatology
OTHER
Doctors report a single case where ravulizumab treated a rare blood disorder after COVID-19 in a kidney transplant patient.
Frontiers in Medicine
Published March 31, 2026
A medical case report describes a 75-year-old patient who had received a kidney transplant. After getting a COVID-19 infection, this patient developed a rare and serious blood condition called complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy, or CM-TMA. Doctors treated the patient with a medication called ravulizumab, and the patient's condition improved.
The report did not mention any specific safety problems or side effects from the treatment in this one patient. The main reason to be careful with this information is that it comes from just one person's experience. A single case cannot tell us how well a treatment works for most people or what the risks might be.
This case reminds doctors to consider CM-TMA as a possible diagnosis in transplant patients who get sick, and that age alone should not rule it out. For readers, the realistic takeaway is that this is an early, interesting observation from one patient. It is not evidence that this treatment is proven safe or effective for others. More research in many more patients is needed to understand if ravulizumab is a reliable option for transplant patients with this rare condition.
View Original Abstract ↓
Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) after kidney transplantation presents a significant diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy (CM-TMA), caused by dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway, is frequently associated with predisposing variants in complement-regulatory genes but typically requires additional triggers for clinical manifestation. Ravulizumab, a long-acting terminal complement inhibitor, has demonstrated efficacy in native kidney disease, but data in transplant recipients remain limited. We present a 75-year-old kidney transplant recipient in whom previously unrecognized CM-TMA was triggered by COVID-19 infection and successfully treated with ravulizumab. This case underscores the importance of considering CM-TMA in the differential diagnosis of posttransplant TMA and in patients with end-stage kidney disease of uncertain origin, demonstrating that age alone should not preclude diagnostic consideration, and supports ravulizumab as an effective therapeutic option in this setting.
